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1.
Rev. latinoam. enferm. (Online) ; 30: e3601, 2022. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1389124

ABSTRACT

Resumo Objetivo: analisar indicadores de qualidade e conteúdo técnico dos vídeos postados na plataforma YouTube, para leigos, sobre reanimação cardiopulmonar em adultos e sua produção audiovisual quanto aos princípios do letramento digital em saúde. Método: estudo descritivo, exploratório, que selecionou vídeos gravados entre dezembro de 2015 e abril de 2021. Foram analisados por indicadores da produção de material audiovisual, considerando as diretrizes da American Heart Association e os princípios do letramento digital em saúde. Foi realizada estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: dos 121 vídeos analisados, 26 não atenderam qualquer indicador sobre ressuscitação cardiopulmonar; quatro atingiram 81% de conformidade; oito vídeos, 79%; nove vídeos, 69% e 74 vídeos de seis a 63%. De acordo com os princípios do letramento digital em saúde, um vídeo atendeu 85% dos indicadores; 81 vídeos atenderam de 50 a 80% e 39 vídeos, de 10 a 49%. Foi identificada correlação positiva entre letramento e ressuscitação cardiopulmonar. Conclusão: nenhum vídeo apresentou 100% de conformidade com as diretrizes da American Heart Association. A falta de mecanismos de fiscalização e controle sobre conteúdos relacionados à saúde permite a publicação de vídeos equivocados, que têm sido utilizados como aprendizado pelas pessoas e podem perder o maior objetivo que é salvar vidas.


Abstract Objective: to analyze the quality indicators and technical content of the videos for lay people posted on the YouTube platform, on cardiopulmonary resuscitation in adults and their audiovisual production regarding the principles of digital health literacy. Method: a descriptive and exploratory study, which selected videos recorded between December 2015 and April 2021. They were analyzed by indicators of the production of audiovisual material, considering the American Heart Association guidelines and the principles of digital health literacy. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed. Results: of the 121 videos analyzed, 26 did not comply with any indicator on cardiopulmonary resuscitation, four reached 81% compliance, eight videos reached 79%, nine reached 69% and 74 videos, from 6% to 63%. According to the principles of digital health literacy, one video met 85% of the indicators, 81 met from 50% to 80% and 39, from 10% to 49%. A positive correlation was identified between literacy and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Conclusion: no video presented 100% compliance with the American Heart Association guidelines. The absence of mechanisms for supervision and control over health-related contents allows for the posting of mistaken videos, which have been used as a learning method by people and can thus miss their greatest goal: save lives.


Resumen Objetivo: analizar los indicadores de calidad y contenido técnico de los videos publicados en la plataforma YouTube, para legos, sobre reanimación cardiopulmonar en adultos y su producción audiovisual según los principios de la alfabetización digital en salud. Método: estudio descriptivo, exploratorio, que seleccionó videos grabados entre diciembre de 2015 y abril de 2021. Fueron analizados en función de los indicadores de producción de material audiovisual, considerando las directrices de la American Heart Association y los principios de la alfabetización digital en salud. Se realizó estadística descriptiva e inferencial. Resultados: de los 121 videos analizados, 26 no cumplieron con ninguno de los indicadores de reanimación cardiopulmonar; cuatro lograron un 81% de conformidad; ocho videos, 79%; nueve videos, 69% y 74 videos de seis a 63%. De acuerdo con los principios de la alfabetización digital en salud, un video cumplió con el 85% de los indicadores; 81 videos cumplieron del 50 al 80% y 39 videos del 10 al 49%. Se identificó una correlación positiva entre la alfabetización y la reanimación cardiopulmonar. Conclusión: ningún video cumplió el 100% de las directrices de la American Heart Association. La falta de mecanismos de supervisión y control sobre los contenidos relacionados con la salud permite la publicación de videos erróneos, que han sido utilizados como experiencia de aprendizaje por las personas y es probable que no cumplan con el principal objetivo, que es salvar vidas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , United States , Videotape Recording , Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation/education , Health Literacy
2.
Rev. bras. med. esporte ; 27(spe2): 104-107, Apr.-June 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1280098

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT With the rapid development and application of computer technology, the application of computer science knowledge in basketball is also more and more extensive. Based on genetic algorithm and the background subtraction method, video analysis and 3D detection simulation model of shot jump action precision were constructed in this study. According to the genetic algorithm search method, jump shot precision was analyzed, and the problems encountered in the actual shooting process of basketball players were studied and solved. The results show that this study is necessary and feasible.


RESUMO Com o rápido desenvolvimento e aplicação da tecnologia da computação, a aplicação do conhecimento da ciência da computação no basquete também vem crescendo cada vez mais. Com base no algoritmo genético e no método da subtração de fundo, construiu-se um modelo de análise de vídeo e simulação de detecção 3D para a precisão de arremesso. De acordo com o método de busca do algoritmo genético, analisou-se a precisão do arremesso, e os problemas encontrados no processo de arremesso dos jogadores de basquete foram estudados e resolvidos. Os resultados mostram que este estudo é necessário e viável.


RESUMEN Con el rápido desarrollo y aplicación de la tecnología de la computación, la aplicación del conocimiento de la ciencia de la computación en el baloncesto también viene creciendo cada vez más. Basándose en el algoritmo genético y en el método de la sustracción de fondo, se construyó un modelo de análisis de video y simulación de detección 3D para la precisión de lanzamiento. De acuerdo con el método de búsqueda del algoritmo genético, se analizó la precisión del lanzamiento, y los problemas encontrados en el proceso de lanzamiento de los jugadores de baloncesto fueron estudiados y resueltos. Los resultados muestran que este estudio es necesario y viable.


Subject(s)
Humans , Basketball , /methods , Videotape Recording , Algorithms , Imaging, Three-Dimensional
3.
Rev. bras. ciênc. saúde ; 24(1): 147-158, 2020. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1087541

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Analisar o conhecimento dos cuidadores formais com relação aos aspectos da alimentação e da comunicação com a pessoa idosa e elaborar um vídeo com orientações para o cuida-dor formal. Metodologia: Pesquisa realizada em instituições de longa permanência para idosos no Município de João Pessoa, Paraíba. Tornaram-se participantes 34 cuidadores de idosos. O instrumento utilizado para coleta de dados foi um questionário construído a partir das explanações da literatura sobre disfagia, linguagem e cognição. Na análise dos dados foi utilizada a es-tatística descritiva por meio da frequência absoluta, percentual e do teste de proporções. Foi elaborado o script do vídeo e as cenas avaliadas por 6 juízes. Todos concordaram com as cenas de forma unânime, sendo então o vídeo considerado confiável. Os juízes realizaram sugestões nas cenas e as mesmas foram analisadas por meio da estatística descritiva. Em seguida, foi realizada a edição do vídeo. Resultados:Os cuidadores não têm conhecimento das dificuldades de fala, audição, cognição do idoso e das estratégias que facilitam essas funções. Tam-bém, não mostram conhecer as dificuldades de alimentação dos idosos, embora realizem estratégias facilitadoras. Como produto final foi elaborado um vídeo de orientação ao profissio-nal cuidador. Conclusão: Ressalta-se a importância do vídeo para orientações com relação a alimentação e a comunicação, propiciando melhora na qualidade de vida da pessoa idosa institucionalizada. (AU)


Objective: To analyze the knowledge of formal caregivers regarding aspects of eating and communication of the elderly and to elaborate a video with guidelines for the formal caregiver. Methodology: Methodological research conducted in long-term care facilities for the elderly in the city of João Pessoa, Paraiba. 34 elderly caregivers became participants. The instrument used for data collection was a questionnaire built from the literature explanations on dysphagia, language and cognition. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics through the absolute frequency, percentage and the proportions test. The script of the video was elaborated and the scenes evaluated by 6 judges. Everyone agreed with the scenes unanimously, so the video was considered reliable. The judges made sugges-tions in the scenes and they were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Then, the video was edited. Results: Caregivers are unaware of the difficulties in speech, hearing, and cognition of the elderly and the strategies that facilitate these functions. They also do not show knowledge of the feeding difficulties of the elderly although they perform facilitating strategies. As a final product, a guidance video was prepared for the professional caregiver. Conclusion: We emphasize the importance of the video for guidance regarding food and communication, providing improvement in the quality of life of the institutionalized elderly, (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Deglutition Disorders/nursing , Health of the Elderly , Videotape Recording , Caregivers/education , Language Disorders/nursing , Cognition , Feeding Behavior , Heimlich Maneuver , Homes for the Aged
5.
CoDAS ; 31(3): e20180089, 2019. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1011927

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo Verificar os benefícios do Treinamento de Memória de Trabalho em DVD para idosos. Método Participaram do estudo 16 voluntários com idade superior a 60 anos (média etária de 67,43 anos) sem queixas de perda auditiva, problemas neurológicos ou psiquiátricos, avaliados inicialmente com o MEEM e posteriormente com a avaliação específica para memória de trabalho. Em seguida, os quatro participantes que não tinham disponibilidade para comparecer à Universidade formaram o grupo controle e os doze restantes foram incluídos no grupo experimental. O grupo experimental foi exposto aos três DVDs que compõem o primeiro conjunto de exercícios e reavaliado com o teste específico para memória de trabalho em intervalos regulares. O grupo controle também foi submetido às reavaliações nos mesmos períodos do grupo experimental. Resultados Enquanto o grupo controle não apresentou qualquer alteração nas avaliações, o desempenho no teste de memória do grupo experimental melhorou significativamente após a apresentação dos DVDs. Além disso, o grupo experimental relatou os benefícios do treinamento para suas atividades cotidianas. Conclusão O estudo demonstra os benefícios do Treinamento de Memória de Trabalho em DVD para idosos, que se revela uma ferramenta promissora para novos estudos longitudinais com populações maiores.


ABSTRACT Purpose To investigate the benefits of the Working Memory Training on DVD for the elderly. Methods Sixteen volunteers aged over 60 years (67.43 years on average), without hearing loss complaint nor neurological or psychiatric disorders participated in this study. All participants were evaluated by the MMSE and a dedicated working memory assessment. Among these, four participants, unable to go to the University formed the control group, while the other twelve were included in the experimental group. The participants in the experimental group were exposed to the first three DVDs with exercises, having been periodically reassessed by the dedicated working memory assessment. The control group participants were submitted only to the reassessments at the same periods as the experimental group. Results The assessments of the control group did not present any changes, while those in the experimental group significantly improved their results after exposure to the DVDs. Moreover, the experimental group participants reported the benefits of the training for their daily life activities. Conclusion The present study demonstrates the benefits of the Working Memory Training on DVD for the elderly. These results indicate that the cognitive working memory training may be a promising tool for new longitudinal studies with larger populations.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Videotape Recording/methods , Educational Status , Learning , Memory, Short-Term , Therapy, Computer-Assisted/methods , Brazil , Aging , Longitudinal Studies , Middle Aged
6.
J. bras. pneumol ; 45(6): e20180230, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1012580

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the use of video lessons on the topic of COPD as a training tool for a multidisciplinary team working in the primary health care sector. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study involving a multidisciplinary team working at a primary health care clinic. The level of knowledge about COPD was measured by applying a specific, 16-item questionnaire - before, immediately after, and three months after the video lessons. In a set of six structured video lessons, the training focused on the prevention, case-finding, treatment, and monitoring of cases of COPD. The data were analyzed with the Friedman test, the Kruskal-Wallis test, Tukey's post hoc test, Dunnett's test, and the Bonferroni test. Results: There was a significant difference between the periods before and immediately after the training in terms of the scores on 15 of the 16 items on the questionnaire regarding the level of knowledge about COPD. The median total score of the participants increased significantly, from 60 points before the training to 77 points immediately thereafter and 3 months thereafter (p < 0.001 for both). Before the training, 23 (63.9%) and 13 (36.1%) of the members of the multidisciplinary team presented strong and very strong levels of agreement, respectively, among the 16 questionnaire items. After the training, 100% of the individuals presented a very strong degree of agreement. Conclusions: Multidisciplinary education through video lessons increased the knowledge of COPD on the part of a primary health care team, and the knowledge acquired was retained for at least three months after the intervention.


RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o uso de videoaulas como instrumento de capacitação de uma equipe multiprofissional na atenção primária à saúde sobre DPOC. Métodos: Estudo quase-experimental realizado com uma equipe multiprofissional da atenção primária à saúde. O nível de conhecimento sobre DPOC foi mensurado por um questionário específico em três momentos: antes, imediatamente depois e três meses depois da capacitação por videoaulas. Durante a capacitação abordaram-se os seguintes eixos temáticos: prevenção, busca ativa do paciente com DPOC, tratamento e monitoramento - num conjunto de seis videoaulas estruturadas. A análise foi conduzida através dos testes de Friedman, Kruskal-Wallis, post hoc de Tukey, Dunnett e Bonferroni. Resultados: Dos 16 itens do questionário sobre o nível de conhecimento em DPOC, 15 apresentaram diferenças significativas antes e logo depois da capacitação. A mediana do escore total do questionário dos participantes passou de 60 pontos antes da capacitação para 77 pontos nos momentos logo depois e três meses depois da capacitação (p < 0,001 para ambos). Antes da capacitação, 23 (63,9%) e 13 (36,1%) dos indivíduos da equipe multiprofissional apresentaram grau de concordância forte e muito forte para os 16 itens do questionário, respectivamente. Após a capacitação, 100% dos indivíduos passaram a apresentar grau de concordância muito forte. Conclusões: A capacitação multiprofissional por videoaulas aumentou o conhecimento da equipe de atenção primária à saúde sobre DPOC, e houve manutenção do conhecimento adquirido até três meses da intervenção.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Primary Health Care/methods , Videotape Recording , Health Personnel/education , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/therapy , Education, Medical/methods , Time Factors , Brazil , Program Evaluation , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Surveys and Questionnaires , Reproducibility of Results , Telemedicine/methods , Statistics, Nonparametric , Non-Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
7.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 84(5): 638-652, Sept.-Oct. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-974354

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Oropharyngeal dysphagia is a highly prevalent comorbidity in neurological patients and presents a serious health threat, which may lead to outcomes of aspiration pneumonia, ranging from hospitalization to death. This assessment proposes a non-invasive, acoustic-based method to differentiate between individuals with and without signals of penetration and aspiration. Objective: This systematic review evaluated the diagnostic validity of different methods for assessment of swallowing sounds, when compared to videofluroscopy swallowing study to detect oropharyngeal dysphagia. Methods: Articles in which the primary objective was to evaluate the accuracy of swallowing sounds were searched in five electronic databases with no language or time limitations. Accuracy measurements described in the studies were transformed to construct receiver operating characteristic curves and forest plots with the aid of Review Manager v. 5.2 (The Nordic Cochrane Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark). The methodology of the selected studies was evaluated using the Quality Assessment Tool for Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2. Results: The final electronic search revealed 554 records, however only 3 studies met the inclusion criteria. The accuracy values (area under the curve) were 0.94 for microphone, 0.80 for doppler, and 0.60 for stethoscope. Conclusion: Based on limited evidence and low methodological quality because few studies were included, with a small sample size, from all index testes found for this systematic review, doppler showed excellent diagnostic accuracy for the discrimination of swallowing sounds, whereas microphone-reported good accuracy discrimination of swallowing sounds of dysphagic patients and stethoscope showed best screening test.


Resumo Introdução: A disfagia orofaríngea é uma comorbidade altamente prevalente em pacientes neurológicos e representa uma séria ameaça à saúde, pode levar a desfechos como pneumonia por aspiração, hospitalização e até morte. A avaliação propõe um método não invasivo, acústico, para diferenciar entre indivíduos com e sem sinais de penetração e aspiração. Objetivo: Esta revisão sistemática analisou a validade diagnóstica de diferentes métodos para avaliação dos sons de deglutição, quando comparados com a videofluoroscopia da deglutição para detectar disfagia orofaríngea. Método: Artigos nos quais o objetivo principal era avaliar a acurácia dos sons de deglutição foram pesquisados em cinco bancos de dados eletrônicos sem limitações de idioma ou tempo de publicação. As medidas de acurácia descritas nos estudos foram transformadas para construir curvas ROC (Receptor Operating Characteristic) e gráfico em floresta (forest plot) com o auxílio do software Review Manager v. 5.2 (The Nordic Cochrane Centre, Copenhagen, Dinamarca). A metodologia dos estudos selecionados foi avaliada com a ferramenta Avaliação da Qualidade de Estudos de Acurácia de Testes Diagnósticos-2. Resultados: A busca eletrônica final resultou na identificação de 554 artigos; no entanto, apenas três estudos preencheram os critérios de inclusão. Os valores de acurácia (área abaixo da curva) foram 0,94 para microfone, 0,80 para doppler e 0,60 para estetoscópio. Conclusão: Baseado nas evidências limitadas e da baixa qualidade metodológica, pois foram poucos os estudos incluídos, e com pequeno tamanho amostral, de todos os testes diagnósticos (index testes) encontrados para essa revisão sistemática o doppler mostrou excelente acurácia diagnóstica na discriminação dos sons de deglutição, o microfone demonstrou uma boa acurácia na discriminação dos sons de pacientes disfágicos e o estetoscópio revelou o melhor teste de triagem.


Subject(s)
Humans , Deglutition Disorders/diagnosis , Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures , Auscultation/methods , Sound , Acoustics , Fluoroscopy , Videotape Recording , Deglutition
8.
Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine ; : 204-212, 2018.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-714281

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the characteristics of cricopharyngeal dysfunction (CPD), the frequency, and correlation with a brain lesion in patients with first-ever ischemic stroke, and to provide basic data for developing a therapeutic protocol for dysphagia management. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of a series of subjects post-stroke who underwent a videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) from January 2009 to December 2015. VFSS images were recorded on videotape and analyzed. CPD was defined as the retention of more than 25% of residue in the pyriform sinus after swallowing. The location of the brain lesion was assessed using magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS: Among the 262 dysphagic patients with first-ever ischemic stroke, 15 (5.7%) showed CPD on the VFSS. Patients with an infratentorial lesion had a significantly higher proportion of CPD than those with a supratentorial lesion (p=0.003), and lateral medullary infarction was identified as the single independent predictor of CPD (multivariable analysis: odds ratio=19.417; confidence interval, 5.560–67.804; p < 0.0001). Compared to patients without CPD, those with CPD had a significantly prolonged pharyngeal transit time, lower laryngeal elevation, and a higher pharyngeal constriction ratio and functional dysphagia scale score. CONCLUSION: Overall, the results support the notion that an impaired upper esopharyngeal opening is likely related to the specific locations of brain lesions. The association of CPD with lateral medullary infarction can be explained based on the regulation of the pharyngolaryngeal motor system by the motor neurons present in the dorsal nucleus ambiguus. Overall, the results reveal the relation between CPD and the problems in the pharyngeal phase as well as the severity of dysphagia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Brain , Constriction , Deglutition , Deglutition Disorders , Esophageal Sphincter, Upper , Infarction , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Medical Records , Medulla Oblongata , Motor Neurons , Pharyngeal Muscles , Pyriform Sinus , Retrospective Studies , Stroke , Videotape Recording
9.
CoDAS ; 30(1): e20160256, 2018. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-890828

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Para melhoria do desenvolvimento das habilidades auditivas e da linguagem na criança com deficiência auditiva, além da terapia fonoaudiológica, a família deve ser o agente modificador para uma resposta terapêutica satisfatória. Estudos que analisem a efetividade de programas de intervenção fonoaudiológica por meio de videofeedback são importantes, dados os efeitos positivos desta ferramenta para a modificação de comportamentos com famílias de crianças com deficiência. Acredita-se, assim, que a intervenção por meio do videofeedback contribuirá para a melhoria das interações comunicativas entre as famílias e crianças atendidas pelos serviços de reabilitação auditiva. Os objetivos deste estudo foram investigar a interação entre as famílias e as crianças com deficiência auditiva, analisar a autoestima e a satisfação das famílias antes e após um programa de intervenção por meio do videofeedback. Ensaio clínico não randomizado, com estudo de casos em dois grupos, experimental (n=5) e controle (n=5). A intervenção contou com o apoio do vídeo de interação e de instrumentos adaptados. Protocolos pré e pós-intervenção foram aplicados. Observou-se melhora nas interações entre as famílias e crianças com deficiência auditiva nos casos do grupo experimental, bem como melhora na autoestima dos participantes deste grupo. O grupo experimental demonstrou satisfação com a intervenção realizada. Concluiu-se que o programa de intervenção fonoaudiológica baseado no videofeedback teve efeitos positivos na interação entre a família e criança e na autoestima dos pais. Estudos com controles metodológicos rigorosos deverão ser realizados para a comprovação de sua eficácia para famílias de crianças com deficiência auditiva.


ABSTRACT In order to improve speech-language development in children with hearing impairment, in addition to speech-language therapy, the family should be the modifying agent for a satisfactory therapeutic response. Studies that analyze the effectiveness of speech-language pathology (SLP) intervention programs through video feedback are important, given the positive effects of this tool on the modification of behaviors with families of children with disabilities. Therefore, it is believed that video feedback interventions contribute improve the communicative interactions between the families and children assisted by auditory rehabilitation services. The objectives of this study were to investigate the interaction between families and children with hearing loss and analyze the self-esteem and satisfaction of families before and after the intervention program. This is a non-randomized, clinical trial with case report in two groups: Experimental (n=5) and Control (n=5). The intervention was supported by family-child interaction videos and adapted instruments. Pre- and post-intervention protocols were applied. In the EG, improvement was observed in the interaction between the families and children with hearing loss and in the self-esteem of participants. The EG showed satisfaction with the intervention. We conclude that the SLP intervention program based on video feedback has positive effects on the family/child interaction and on parent self-esteem. Further studies with stricter methodological controls should be conducted to prove the efficacy of video feedback intervention for families of children with hearing loss.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Audiovisual Aids , Videotape Recording , Feedback, Psychological , Deafness/rehabilitation , Language Development , Parents/psychology , Therapeutics , Deafness/psychology , Family Relations/psychology
10.
Int. j. morphol ; 35(4): 1540-1546, Dec. 2017.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-893166

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: Anatomy has a history as a critical area of study for medical and health professional programs. Over the last several decades the way in which anatomy is taught and the resources available to aid the delivery of material has evolved significantly. One of these resources has been videos, and their role in anatomy education has transformed over this time due to technological advancements and curricula reform. While there have been significant advances in video technology and their usage, there is still a scarcity of research supporting the various purposes of anatomy videos. Differences in the results of studies that have been published highlight the complexity of successfully integrated anatomy videos into curricula. However, they have been shown to be a potential supplement to reduced teaching time in anatomy, as a pre-conditioning tool prior to laboratory, and as a summary method for classes. Students perceive them as a highly important resource for revision and preparation for examinations. Further research is needed to identify the important components of anatomy videos that lead to their successful implementation. These factors seem to be important to define as many programs face reduced hours with cadaveric material and institutions utilise greater components of computer based instruction into their educational design.


RESUMEN: La anatomía es una asignatura crítica en los programas médicos y profesionales de la salud. En las últimas décadas, la forma en que se enseña la anatomía y los recursos disponibles para ayudar a la entrega de material ha evolucionado significativamente. Uno de estos recursos han sido los videos, y su papel en la educación de la anatomía se ha transformado durante este tiempo debido a los avances tecnológicos y la reforma curricular. Aunque existen avances significativos en la tecnología del video y su uso, todavía hay una escasez de investigación en relación a los diversos fines de los videos de anatomía. Las diferencias en los resultados de los estudios que se han publicado destacan la complejidad de integrar exitosamente videos de anatomía en la currícula. Sin embargo, se ha demostrado que son un suplemento potencial para reducir el tiempo de enseñanza en anatomía, como un instrumento de pre-acondicionamiento previo al laboratorio, y como un método de resumen para las clases. Los estudiantes los perciben como un recurso muy importante para la revisión y preparación de exámenes. Se necesitan más investigaciones para identificar los componentes importantes de los videos de anatomía que conducen a su implementación exitosa. Estos factores parecen ser importantes para definir cuántos programas enfrentan horas reducidas con material cadavérico y que instituciones utilizan componentes mayores para la instrucción computarizada en su diseño educativo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Anatomy/education , Education, Medical/trends , Videotape Recording/statistics & numerical data
11.
Clinical Endoscopy ; : 340-344, 2017.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-184059

ABSTRACT

Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has been recently established as an indispensable modality for the diagnosis and management of pancreatobiliary and gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. EUS proficiency requires both cognitive and technical abilities, including an understanding of the appropriate indications, the performance of appropriate evaluations before and after the procedure, and the management of procedure-related complications. An increasing demand for skills to handle a growing range of interventional EUS procedures and a continual shortage of EUS training programs are two major obstacles for EUS training. Acquiring the skills necessary to comprehend and conduct EUS often requires training beyond the scope of a standard GI fellowship program. In addition to traditional formal EUS training and preceptorships, regular short-term intensive EUS training programs that provide training at various levels may help EUS practitioners improve and maintain EUS-related knowledges and skills. Theoretical knowledge can be acquired from lectures, textbooks, atlases, slides, videotapes, digital video discs, interactive compact discs, and websites. Informal EUS training is generally based on 1- or 2-day intensive seminars, including didactic lectures, skills demonstrated by expert practitioners through live video-streaming of procedures, and hands-on learning using animal or phantom models.


Subject(s)
Animals , Compact Disks , Diagnosis , Education , Endoscopy , Endosonography , Fellowships and Scholarships , Learning , Lecture , Preceptorship , Training Support , Ultrasonography , Videotape Recording
12.
CoDAS ; 28(4): 362-368, jul.-ago. 2016. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-795249

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivos Comparar o uso funcional de verbos e substantivos por crianças com alterações específicas de linguagem (AEL) falantes do Português Brasileiro e investigar se o uso destes tipos de palavras difere das crianças em desenvolvimento típico de linguagem (DTL). Além disso, comparar a utilização de cada tipo de verbo entre os grupos. Método Participaram do estudo 80 pré-escolares, 20 com AEL e 60 com DTL. A faixa etária dos sujeitos com AEL variou entre 3 e 6 anos, e do grupo com DTL variou entre 2 e 4 anos. O pareamento dos sujeitos foi baseado na idade linguística expressiva. A amostra de fala foi eliciada por meio de interação lúdica, e dessa amostra foram selecionados os substantivos e verbos produzidos. Resultados Os pré-escolares com AEL utilizaram mais verbos do que substantivos em fala espontânea. O uso de substantivos não diferiu entre os grupos, mas nos verbos o subgrupo de 3 anos com AEL os utilizou com mais frequência que seus pares. Os tipos de verbos mais utilizados por sujeitos com AEL foram de ligação, intransitivo e transitivo direto. A comparação entre os grupos neste aspecto diferiu pontualmente para os verbos transitivo direto, bitransitivo e de ligação; apenas o verbo transitivo circunstancial foi mais utilizado pelos sujeitos em DTL para todas as idades. Conclusão O uso de substantivos e verbos em crianças com AEL respeita o padrão do desenvolvimento típico, mas ocorre de forma mais lenta. O uso de verbos com menos complementos é predominante nesta população.


ABSTRACT Purpose To compare the functional use of verbs and nouns by Brazilian Portuguese-speaking children with language impairment (LI) and to verify whether their use of these word classes is different from that of children with typical language development (TLD). This study also aimed to compare the use of each verb type between groups. Methods Participants were 80 preschool children, 20 of them diagnosed with LI and 60 with TLD. The age ranges of participants were 3 to 6 years for children with LI and 2 to 4 years for children with TLD. Individuals were paired based on their expressive language age. Ludic interaction was used to elicit the speech sample from which nouns and verbs were selected from spontaneous speech. All nouns and verbs were tabulated and verbs were classified. Results Preschoolers with LI use verbs more often than nouns in their production of spontaneous speech. The use of nouns presented no difference between the groups, but verb use frequency was higher in children with LI for the 3-year-old subgroup. The verbs most frequently used by children with LI were copula, intransitive, and transitive direct. Comparison between the groups revealed few differences regarding the use of transitive direct, bitransitive, and copular verbs. Only transitive circumstantial verbs were more often used by children with TLD at all ages. Conclusion The use of nouns and verbs by children with LI complies with the typical development standard, but it occurs more slowly. The use of verbs with fewer complements is predominant in these children.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Verbal Behavior , Vocabulary , Language Development , Language Development Disorders/physiopathology , Semantics , Brazil , Child Language , Videotape Recording , Language Tests
13.
Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research ; : 43-48, 2016.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-59524

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (mYPAS) was developed for evaluating the level of preoperative anxiety in children. The purpose of this study was to develop a Korean version of the mYPAS (K-mYPAS) and to establish its validity and reliability based on the Korean preoperative pediatric patients. METHODS: K-mYPAS was made through stringent back-translation procedure. Total enrolled 102 patients answered questionnaires of Korean version of State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (K-STAIC), and were videotaped for 2 to 5 minutes before induction of anesthesia. Three observers of experienced psychiatrist, surgeon, and nurse analyzed videotape with K-mYPAS comparing to K-STAIC. The inter- and intraobservers reliability, concurrent and construct validity, sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value were analyzed. RESULTS: The value of Cronbach alpha for interobservers reliability was 0.939 and intraobserver reliability was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Concurrent and construct validity were also statistically significant (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy were 81.3%, 91.4%, 81.3%, 91.4%, and 88.2%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The K-mYPAS had good psychometric properties and can be used as a reliable and valid instrument for the assessment of preoperative anxiety in children.


Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Anesthesia , Anxiety , Psychiatry , Psychometrics , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and Specificity , Videotape Recording
14.
Korean Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care ; : 1-4, 2016.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-109551

ABSTRACT

As advance care planning is taking center stage in the field of end-of-life care, various tools have been developed to aid in the often emotional and difficult decision-making process. Video decision support tools are one of the most promising means of assistance, of which the modus operandi is to provide more comprehensive and precise information of medical procedures to patients and their families, allowing them to make better informed decisions. Despite such value, some are concerned about its potential negative impact. For example, video footages of some procedures may be shocking and unpalatable to non-medical professionals, and patients and families may refuse the procedures. One approach to soften the sometimes unpleasant visual of medical procedures is to show less aggressive or more relaxing scenes. Yet another potential issue is that the objectivity of video decision support tools might be vulnerable to the very stakeholders who were involved in the development. Some might argue that having multiple stakeholders may function as checks and balances and provide collective wisdom, but we should provide more systematic guarantee on the objectivity of the visual decision aids. Because the decision of the modality of an individual's death is the last and most significant choice in one's life, no party should exert their influence on such a delicate decision. With carefully designed video decision support tools, our patients will live the last moments of their lives with dignity, as they deserve.


Subject(s)
Humans , Advance Care Planning , Decision Making , Decision Support Systems, Clinical , Decision Support Techniques , Hope , Lifting , Nimodipine , Palliative Care , Shock , Terminal Care , Videotape Recording
17.
JCPSP-Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan. 2015; 25 (1): 41-45
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-167493

ABSTRACT

To assess and compare three different types of feedback for presentation skills, self, peer and trainer feedback. Cross-sectional study. Faculty of Medicine at Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey, from March 2012 to December 2012. Participants were faculty members and instructor nurses. Each participant gave a 10-minute presentation, which was rated by peers, course trainers and the presenter himself/herself using a thirteen-item questionnaire [designed as a 5-point Likert scale]. Peers and trainers conducted the assessment during the presentation while the self-assessment was done later by watching a video recording of the presentation. Comparison of the points between the groups was made using the two-way ANOVA. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to evaluate the relationship between the mean scores of self-assessment, peer and trainer assessment. Ten faculty members, 27 instructor nurses and 4 trainers participated in the study. A total of 775 feedback reports were collected for 37 participants. There was no significant difference between the feedback scores of the evaluators as well as the occupation groups [p > 0.05]. There was a strong positive and statistically significant correlation between trainer and peer [r = 0.73, p < 0.001]. Consequently, there were no differences in the evaluations of presentation skills between different stakeholders. Trainers should use the video recording method to self-evaluate their presentation skills, and they should invite their peers from time to time to improve their own personal development by using peer review methods


Subject(s)
Humans , Videotape Recording , Peer Group , Feedback , Cross-Sectional Studies
18.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 51(3): 221-225, Jul-Sep/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-723854

ABSTRACT

Context Videofluoroscopic swallowing study is a dynamic exam and allows the evaluation of the complete swallowing process. However, most published studies have only reported alterations in the oropharynx and pharyngoesophageal transition, leaving the analysis of the esophagus as a secondary goal. Objectives The goal of this study was to investigate the prevalence of alterations in the esophageal phase thorough videofluoroscopic swallowing study in patients with dysphagia. Methods Consecutive patients with dysphagia who underwent videofluoroscopic swallowing study including esophageal analysis between May 2010 and May 2012 had their exams retrospectively reviewed. Patients were classified into two groups: Group I - without a pre-established etiological diagnosis and Group II - with neurological disease. During the exam, the patients ingested three different consistencies of food (liquid, pasty and solid) contrasted with barium sulfate and 19 items were analyzed according to a protocol. The esophageal phase was considered abnormal when one of the evaluated items was compromised. Results Three hundred and thirty-three (n = 333) consecutive patients were studied - 213 (64%) in Group I and 120 (36%) in Group II. Esophageal alterations were found in 104 (31%) patients, with a higher prevalence in Group I (36.2%), especially on the items esophageal clearance (16.9%) and tertiary contractions (16.4%). It was observed that 12% of individuals in Group I only presented alterations on the esophageal phase. Conclusion Evaluation of the esophageal phase of swallowing during videofluoroscopic swallowing study detects abnormalities in patients with cervical dysphagia, especially in the group without pre-established etiological diagnosis. .


Contexto A videofluoroscopia da deglutição é um exame dinâmico e permite a avaliação de todo o processo da deglutição, entretanto, a maioria dos estudos publicados relata apenas alterações na orofaringe e transição faringoesofágica, não considerando como importante as alterações esofágicas. Objetivos O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi verificar a prevalência de alterações na fase esofágica à videofluoroscopia da deglutição em pacientes com disfagia. Métodos Pacientes com queixa de disfagia submetidos à videofluoroscopia da deglutição incluindo estudo esofágico entre maio de 2010 e maio de 2012 tiveram seus exames revisados retrospectivamente. Os pacientes foram classificados em dois grupos: Grupo I - sem diagnóstico etiológico pré-estabelecido e Grupo II - com diagnóstico de doença neurológica. Durante o exame os pacientes ingeriram três consistências de alimento (líquido, pastoso e sólido) contrastadas com sulfato de bário e 19 itens foram analisados segundo protocolo. A fase esofágica foi considerada alterada quando um dos itens avaliados estivesse comprometido. Resultados Trezentos e trinta e três (n = 333) pacientes consecutivos foram estudados com 213 (64%) no Grupo I e 120 (36%) no Grupo II. Alterações esofágicas foram identificadas em 104 (31%) pacientes, sendo a prevalência maior no Grupo I (36,2%), principalmente, nos itens clareamento esofágico (16,9%) e contrações terciárias (16,4%). Pudemos observar que 12% dos indivíduos do Grupo I apresentaram somente alteração em fase esofágica. Conclusão Avaliação da fase esofágica durante a videofluoroscopia da deglutição identificou alterações esofágicas em 1/3 dos ...


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Deglutition Disorders/physiopathology , Esophagus/physiopathology , Fluoroscopy/methods , Retrospective Studies , Videotape Recording
19.
CoDAS ; 25(6): 542-547, 25/1jan. 2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-699833

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To assess any changes in the Functional Communicative Profile (FCP) and in the Social Cognitive Performance (SCP) of children with Autism Spectrum Disorders, based on two short periods of intervention. Methods: The study was conducted with 21 children with Autism Spectrum Disorder diagnoses, randomly allocated into two groups, who received the same short-term intervention types (6 weeks with the mother and 6 weeks with the support of an educational software program). The intervention process was conducted by speech-language pathologists who were part of a graduate program in this area. Results: Samples of 15-minute interaction sessions between the child and speech-language pathologist were used to assess the changes in the FCP and the SCP. The statistic analysis pointed out differences only in Group 1 for the variables “percentage of communicative space used” and “use of the mediating object”. Conclusion: With the intervention sessions structured over 12 weeks, it was possible to observe a few changes in the children's FCP and in the SCP. Therefore, we point out the need for new research studies of longer duration. .


OBJETIVO: Avaliar mudanças no Perfil Funcional da Comunicação (PFC) e no Desempenho Sócio-Cognitivo (DSC) de crianças com Distúrbios do Espectro do Autismo (DEA) a partir de dois períodos curtos de intervenção. MÉTODOS: O estudo foi realizado com 21 crianças com diagnóstico incluído nos DEA, que foram divididas aleatoriamente em dois grupos (G1 e G2) que receberam os mesmos modelos de intervenção em curto prazo (presença da mãe e apoio do software educacional) durante seis semanas cada um. O trabalho de intervenção foi conduzido por fonoaudiólogas que cursavam o programa de pós-graduação na área. RESULTADOS: Partindo de filmagens de 15 minutos de interação entre terapeuta e paciente, foram mensuradas as mudanças no PFC e no DSC; a análise estatística indicou diferenças significativas apenas no G1, nas variáveis "porcentagem do espaço comunicativo utilizado" e "uso do objeto mediador". CONCLUSÃO: Com a estrutura de intervenção em 12 semanas, foi possível observar poucas mudanças no PFC e no DSC, de forma que o estudo sugere novas pesquisas com a duração mais longa. .


Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Child Development Disorders, Pervasive/complications , Language Development Disorders/therapy , Speech-Language Pathology/methods , Language Development Disorders/etiology , Videotape Recording
20.
CoDAS ; 25(1): 70-75, 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-672161

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Comparar o perfil pragmático das iniciativas de comunicação e o perfil bidimensional envolvendo os aspectos de iniciativa e responsividade. Além disso, buscou-se analisar os tipos mais comuns de resposta apresentadas pelos indivíduos pesquisados. MÉTODOS: Foram analisadas trinta gravações de terapia fonoaudiológica, nas quais as terapeutas interagiam com crianças do espectro do autismo (média de idade: 9 anos e 6 meses). As filmagens foram transcritas e os dados derivados foram analisados quanto ao número de atos comunicativos, à ocupação do espaço comunicativo e ao uso dos meios verbal, vocal e gestual nas iniciativas e no total de participações (iniciativas e respostas). As respostas apresentadas foram qualificadas como: não resposta, resposta adequada, resposta inadequada e resposta pragmaticamente inapropriada. RESULTADOS: Houve diferença na comparação entre as iniciativas e o total de participações no que concerne à ocupação do espaço comunicativo e no total de atos. Quanto às respostas, houve diferença no número de respostas adequadas. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados evidenciaram a necessidade de considerar o perfil bidimensional de comunicação e ressaltaram a necessidade de qualificar as respostas a fim de discriminar as habilidades comunicativas da criança.


PURPOSE: To compare the pragmatic profile referring to the communicative initiatives and the bi-dimensional profile involving the aspects of initiative and responsivity. It also aimed to analyze the most common types of responses presented by the studied individuals. METHODS: Thirty recorded samples of interaction between speech-language therapist and children with autism spectrum disorders (mean age: 9 years and 6 months) sessions were analyzed. The samples were transcribed and data analyzed about number of communicative acts, occupation of the communicative space, use of communicative means (verbal, vocal and gestural) and total number of participations (initiatives and responses). The responses were qualified as "non-answer", "adequate answer", "inadequate answer" and "pragmatically inappropriate answer". RESULTS: Significant differences in the comparison of the numbers of initiatives and total participations and of occupation of communicative space and total number of communicative acts. There was also a significant difference in the number of "adequate answers". CONCLUSION: Results show the need to consider the bi-dimensional communicative profile and qualify the answers in order to determine the child's communication abilities.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Asperger Syndrome/physiopathology , Autistic Disorder/physiopathology , Communication , Language Tests , Language Development Disorders/physiopathology , Verbal Behavior/physiology , Videotape Recording
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